50 research outputs found

    Trefoil factor 2 rapidly induces interleukin 33 to promote type 2 immunity during allergic asthma and hookworm infection

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    The molecular mechanisms that drive mucosal T helper type 2 (T[subscript H]2) responses against parasitic helminths and allergens remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate in mice that TFF2 (trefoil factor 2), an epithelial cell–derived repair molecule, is needed for the control of lung injury caused by the hookworm parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and for type 2 immunity after infection. TFF2 is also necessary for the rapid production of IL-33, a T[subscript H]2-promoting cytokine, by lung epithelia, alveolar macrophages, and inflammatory dendritic cells in infected mice. TFF2 also increases the severity of allergic lung disease caused by house dust mite antigens or IL-13. Moreover, TFF2 messenger RNA expression is significantly increased in nasal mucosal brushings during asthma exacerbations in children. These experiments extend the biological functions of TFF2 from tissue repair to the initiation and maintenance of mucosal T[subscript H]2 responses

    Prenatal exposures and exposomics of asthma

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    This review examines the causal investigation of preclinical development of childhood asthma using exposomic tools. We examine the current state of knowledge regarding early-life exposure to non-biogenic indoor air pollution and the developmental modulation of the immune system. We examine how metabolomics technologies could aid not only in the biomarker identification of a particular asthma phenotype, but also the mechanisms underlying the immunopathologic process. Within such a framework, we propose alternate components of exposomic investigation of asthma in which, the exposome represents a reiterative investigative process of targeted biomarker identification, validation through computational systems biology and physical sampling of environmental medi

    Un répertoire du vocabulaire oral des enfants francophones de 6 à 12 ans au Québec

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    La dĂ©termination du vocabulaire oral d'une population adulte ou enfantine est une entreprise dĂ©licate qui exige beaucoup de prĂ©cautions dans la distribution frĂ©quentielle du vocabulaire rapportĂ© comme l'ont dĂ©clarĂ© Beauchemin, Martel et ThĂ©orĂȘt dans leur Ă©tude «Vocabulaire du quĂ©bĂ©cois parlĂ© en Estrie», document de travail numĂ©ro 20, Sherbrooke, 1983: «Comme notre objectif est de tirer une estimation valable de la probabilitĂ© d'emploi des mots frĂ©quents et donc «utiles» en quĂ©bĂ©cois parlĂ©, au delĂ  de la frĂ©quence constatĂ©e dans notre corpus, il faut chercher une neutralisation des diffĂ©rences individuelles ou thĂ©matiques». En effet, pour ĂȘtre valable, un essai de listing du vocabulaire oral doit tenir compte de nombreux paramĂštres, tels que: -la langue spĂ©cifiquement orale; -la dispersion gĂ©ographique des sujets soumis Ă  l'enquĂȘte; -les Ă©poques de l'annĂ©e oĂč les enquĂȘtes ont Ă©tĂ© recueillies; -les caractĂ©ristiques des sujets enquĂȘtĂ©s; -le rĂŽle de l'enquĂȘteur et sa neutralisation; -l'uniformitĂ© du procĂ©dĂ© des cueillettes; -la permanence du traitement des enquĂȘtes; -la rigueur dans la lemmatisation; -la mise en parallĂšle des frĂ©quences brutes et des indices de dispersion. Chacun de ces paramĂštres sera dĂ©fini par la suite
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